The image shown is a representative illustration and does not depict every individual animal in this category.
Total number of species approx.: 9
Bullhead sharks (Heterodontiformes) are a small but distinctive group of bottom-dwelling sharks, known for their broad heads, spiny dorsal fins, and quirky appearances. These slow-swimming reef residents are especially beloved by divers for their calm behavior and unusual anatomy. Three species stand out for their popularity: the horn shark of California, the Port Jackson shark of southern Australia, and the Japanese bullhead shark found around East Asia. Each is well-adapted to life on rocky reefs and kelp beds, often spotted resting during the day or cruising quietly along the bottom at night.
Bullhead sharks feed on hard-shelled prey like sea urchins, crabs, and mollusks, using their strong, grinding teeth. Their distinctive spiral-shaped egg cases, sometimes called “mermaid’s purses,” are frequently found wedged into rocky crevices, offering clues to their presence even when the sharks themselves remain hidden. Reaching about 1 to 1.5 meters in length and completely harmless to humans, these sharks are ideal for divers and snorkelers seeking slow, close-up shark encounters. With their gentle behavior and prehistoric look, bullhead sharks add character to any reef dive and are especially rewarding for underwater photographers and night divers.
